The primary objective of investing in downstream industries in this region is to meet growing domestic demand and diversify the oil-dependent economy.
At the same time, the establishment of these refining complexes will also change the direction of the global economic cycle, as it will result in the export of more refined products, especially to Europe.
Over the past few years, the refining sector in the Persian Gulf region has experienced unprecedented growth, due to massive investments by the government sector during the period of high crude oil prices.
Also, the authorities of the countries bordering the Persian Gulf have given priority to the development of the downstream sector.
In the following, you will discover five important projects under construction in this area.
1- Al-Zour Refinery, Kuwait
This $16 billion project is being built by the Kuwait Integrated Petroleum Industries Company or KIPIC for short.
This company is a subsidiary of the Kuwait State Oil Company.
The Al-Zour refinery is designed to process heavy crude oil and has three crude oil distillation units.
The operation of the first unit is complete and the construction of the second unit is in its early stages.
This refinery will play a key role in achieving Kuwait's goal of meeting growing electricity demand.

The facility, which has a construction budget of $16 billion, will meet the goal of producing 225,000 barrels of low-sulphur light oil for power generation with a daily supply of 615,000 barrels.
At the time of final operation, the Al-Zour refinery will be one of the largest single-phase refineries in history and will be the second largest active refinery in the Persian Gulf region.
2- Ras Tanoureh and Riyadh refineries, Saudi Arabia
Over the past 10 years, Saudi Arabia has invested billions of dollars in three 400,000-barrel green refineries, which include the Jazan refineries wholly owned by Aramco, Jbeil with the participation of Aramco and Total France, and Yanbo with participation from Aramco and Sinopec. China becomes
Other clean fuel production projects at Riyadh and Ras Tanure refineries are also underway.
Both mentioned projects are developed with the aim of improving the quality of fuel, as this country intends to reach the current European standards.
Most of the products produced at the Ras Tanureh refinery will be sent to the Zahran storage facility for domestic consumption, and the rest will be exported.
This refinery began work in September 1945 and its initial production capacity was 600,000 barrels per day.
3- ADNOC crude oil refining project, United Arab Emirates
ADNOC's $3.5 billion refining project will significantly improve the refining capacity of ADNOC's refinery in Ruis.
Throughout its life, ADNOC has been primarily involved in the refining of Morban crude oil, which is extracted from the dry fields of Abu Dhabi.
If the refinery becomes operational, it will offer the possibility of processing 420,000 barrels of heavy and sour oil daily.
This means that more than 50 types of crude oil from all over the world can be refined in this facility.
In addition, the mentioned project will add visual value to ADNOC's activities.
This increase in capacity allows the public company ADNOC to make its production profitable and to choose its food with more freedom.
In addition, the quantity of quality oil exported from Morban will be increased.
4- BAPCO modernization program, Bahrain
With a budget of six billion dollars, BAPCO's modernization project will become one of the biggest projects in Bahrain's history.
This project is considered the biggest investment in BAPCO's 90-year history.
This company intends to leave a lasting legacy through the mentioned project while meeting the needs of the future.
The success of this project will have many layers.
The objective of this project is to expand the refining capacity of Bahrain's only obsolete refinery from the daily level of 267,000 barrels to 360,000 barrels.
5- Doqm Petrorefinery Complex, Oman
The 230,000 barrel capacity, seven billion dollar Doqm refinery is part of the Government of Oman's plan to develop the Doqm Special Energy Zone.
About 65% of the crude oil feed for this refinery will be imported from Kuwait and the remaining 35% will come from reserves in Oman.
This refinery will be built with the participation of Kuwait International Oil Company.
Once the project is completed, this refinery will bring products such as diesel, jet fuel, naphtha and LPG to the market.
Hydraulic fracturing, delayed coking, sulfur recycling and hydrogen production technologies will be used in this project.

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